Technical points for burning charcoal in charcoal making machine carbonization furnace

Charring is one of the most important processes in charcoal production. It is not the most expensive, but it is the most in need of experience. Some people say that the carbonization process is the risk of charcoal production, which is nothing to say. If you control the carbonization, your entire charcoal production process will save a lot of costs and reduce the waste of resources.

Whether you use logs to produce charcoal or wood corner waste to make charcoal, their raw materials are theoretically wood. If the moisture of the wood is too high, it will directly lead to the low carbon content of the charcoal produced, so that it is not good quality charcoal. The charcoal that we say is the most important thing is its charcoal. If the carbon content is low, what kind of charcoal is called, what is the use value? You said that this is not the case. So no matter what method you use and what raw materials to produce charred charcoal, it is best to dry the raw materials. Dry raw materials are one of the first guarantees for the production of good quality charcoal.

During the entire carbonization process, the wood maintains a temperature of about 100 ° C or below in the carbonization equipment, at which the moisture in the wood is evaporated until it reaches zero, and then the burning temperature of the wood is increased to 280 ° C. This step The energy comes from the heat of combustion of some wood absorbed by some carbonization equipment, which is an energy absorption or endothermic reaction.

When the wood is dried and heated to about 280 ° C, a pyrolysis reaction occurs, and the wood begins to decompose into charcoal, water vapor, methanol, acetic acid, and more complex chemicals, mainly composed of hydrogen in the form of tar and non-condensable gases, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. During this process, the air is controlled to be placed in the kiln, where the oxygen is burned by the wood to be carbon dioxide, so nitrogen is still present in the kiln.

The wood continues to burn in the charcoal kiln. This process is called exothermic reaction. As the exothermic reaction continues, the temperature in the kiln is maintained at around 280 °C. Continued combustion will leave a black mass in the charcoal kiln. This is charcoal. The charcoal produced in this way has a low carbonization temperature, and unless a further external heat source is provided, the temperature in the kiln is up to about 400 ° C. The fixed carbon content of the charcoal is about 65%-70%, and the ash is 3-5. %, but there will be very high volatility, the volatiles of different tree species may vary, but generally reach 30%. By further heating, the carbon content of charcoal will increase, and the volatiles will be decomposed. The temperature in the kiln will reach 500 °C, the carbon content of charcoal will rise to 85%, and the volatile content will drop to about 10%. The charcoal yield is about 32% to 35% of the weight of the wood. Therefore, the theoretical yield of charcoal varies with temperature, and the volatile tar content in charcoal is also related to the carbonization temperature.

When charcoal is fired, the lower the carbonization temperature, the more volatile components of the charcoal produced, and the result is an acidic taste when burning charcoal. This is because charcoal contains a large amount of acidic corrosive tar. This kind of charcoal is used as barbecue charcoal to change the taste of the food, and there is a flame when calcined. Good commercial charcoal should be charged at a temperature of about 500 ° C, and charcoal with about 75% carbon fixation.

The output of charcoal is also related to the material of the raw material. The good wood has a higher lignin content due to the hardwood. In theory, the harder the wood is, the more suitable it is to produce charcoal, and the harder the wood produces the higher the output of charcoal. However, in the charcoal kiln, it is not the more dense and dense the wood, because if the wood is too dense, the wood will be easily broken when it is carbonized. This is because the temperature in the kiln rises too fast and the volatile content decreases. The brittleness of charcoal. A temperature of substantially 450 ° C to 500 ° C is the best balance between the firing of charcoal and the retention of the char and the retention of the block.

There are many factors affecting the output of charcoal and the conversion rate of charcoal. Although the charcoal production capacity is too low or the waste of raw materials is caused by many factors, we will try our best to avoid the factors that may cause problems. Usually we can choose some wood with higher hardness as the raw material of charcoal, the wood should be dried as much as possible, and the wood with a diameter of more than 20cm should be opened and then burned, otherwise it is easy to produce carbon residue and waste. The charcoal must be paid attention to the balance of the temperature in the charcoal kiln. The kiln should reach a carbonization temperature of 500 °C, but sometimes it is very difficult. The reason is that the air in the charcoal kiln is irregular, resulting in many raw materials being burnt into charcoal. And some are still making a living. To improve the charring efficiency of charcoal and the quality of charcoal, a well-designed charcoal kiln is very important. A good charcoal kiln is not only airtight, but also has a balanced air flow, which does not appear: "cold spot", and the overall temperature in the kiln can quickly rise to a carbonization temperature of 500 °C.